Retirement · Required withdrawals
RMD Calculator
Find out when your required minimum distributions start, how much you may need to withdraw, and how RMDs could change over the next 10 years.
Required minimum distribution
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10-year projection
| Year | Age | Start balance | RMD | % of balance |
|---|
How it's calculated
Worked example
How RMDs work
Once you reach your required beginning age, the IRS requires you to take a minimum amount out of most tax-deferred retirement accounts each year. The amount is your balance at the end of last year divided by a factor from the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table, and the factor shrinks as you age, so the percentage you must take out rises.
Key rules
- Start age: 73 if born 1951–1959; 75 if born 1960 or later (SECURE 2.0).
- First RMD: can be delayed until April 1 of the following year, but then you take two RMDs that year.
- Deadline: December 31 for every RMD after the first.
- Missed RMDs: the penalty is 25% of the amount not taken, reduced to 10% if corrected in time.
- Roth IRAs have no RMDs for the original owner.
Not covered here
Inherited IRAs, and owners whose spouse is more than 10 years younger and the sole beneficiary (they use a different IRS table). Still-working exceptions for workplace plans also apply in some cases.
For education only, not tax advice. Based on IRS Publication 590-B (Table III). Check with your plan provider or a tax professional for your exact RMD.